Presentation Notes — 03/29/20 San Antonio WordCamp
How Effective Project Management Helps WordPress Professionals Improve Their Bottom Line
What is Project Management?
- Project Management is the application of processes, methods, knowledge, skills, and experience to achieve the project objectives.
- Project Management is concerned with managing discrete packages of work. The way work is managed depends upon the scale, significance complexity of the WordPress project.
- Project Management helps WordPress Professionals get and stay organized while increasing their opportunity to delight clients.
Project Management Processes Fall into Five Phases
Discovery
Planning
Execution
Monitoring and Controlling
Closing
With the Agile methodology, the project is complete when all the must-have features and functionality have been delivered. One of the reasons that Agile projects can terminate relatively painlessly is because they are developed in such a way that the product, in theory, can be delivered as is after each client-approved iteration. Once there is a client-approved end of the project, the final Sprint can be formally closed. During the project retrospective meeting, the team and product owner meet to discuss the overall project and provide feedback to improve the process going forward. This “After-Action Report’ is helpful for both the client and team members, The purpose of a project review is to learn from both the successes and the mistakes and take that experience forward to the next project — not to shoot the survivors. Team members enjoy having their work appreciated. To o celebrate the completion, plan something out of the office, involving spending a bit of thank you cash.
A Simple Project Management Plan will include the following elements:
- Project Aims: If the final deliverable of a project does not meet the requirements of the client then it has not been successful. Therefore, you must establish what those requirements are and prioritize them.
- Project Deliverables: These are the tangible items that will ensure the needs of the client are met and will include time estimates.
- Project Schedule: A list of individual tasks along with how long they are estimated to take, who will complete them, any inter-dependencies and any important milestones along the way. There are many software packages to help you do this efficiently.
- Resource Requirements: The project schedule will enable you to justify the project’s resource requirements for time, equipment, budget, and people. Identify individuals by name or skill-set along with their responsibilities within the project.
- Communications Plan: Who needs to be kept informed about project progress and how will this be communicated? Typically there will be various reports with differing levels of detail for different stakeholders that cover progress and planned work for the next period
- Risk Management: This involves the identification, monitoring and mitigating of risks.
- Quality Guidelines: You need to know what level of quality is expected and required so the definition needs to be detailed and measurable. It also needs to take into account the available budget and resources.
Putting together an effective project plan is essential. However, sticking to it throughout the course of the project or, when necessary, adapting it if core requirements change requires a disciplined project manager, clear client communication, and a cooperative team.
Project Plans Can Change
Carefully-planned projects have regular formal reviews. Stakeholders can assess progress, discover new risks and identify issues that might require a change to the project, such as:
- Inadequate business requirements
- New information coming to light
- External changes in the market
- Changes in organizational strategy
- New technology becoming available
- New regulations being imposed
Uncontrolled Changes Can Blow Up the Plan
- Uncontrolled changes to project scope or requirements can cause chaos and confusion within the project team.
- Project Managers can accommodate client changes but they must communicate to the Stakeholders that this type of change will affect budget and delivery schedule…something will have to come off the table.
Why You Need to Adopt Project Management Best Practices
Investment in effective project management has a number of benefits:
- It provides a greater likelihood of achieving the desired result
- Ensures efficient and best value use of resources
- Satisfies the differing needs of the project’s stakeholders
The Role of The Project Manager
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Analyzes the information from the Discovery document and develops a client-approved, actionable Scope of Work.
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Communicates with the client to identify the Known, Unknowns and the Unknown, Unknowns
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Knows and use the Project Management tools
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Builds the project Sprint schedule
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Manages the Stand-ups and SCRUM Board
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Manages client and team project communications
Skills Every Project Manager Must Develop
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- Leadership
- Leadership is all about managing people to move the project forward smoothly and guiding them to achieve a specific goal.
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- Communication
- Effective collaboration can act as a driving force for team members to produce the best results. A project manager with clear communication skills can negotiate better financial terms with clients.
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- Conflict Resolution
- Project Managers strive to create and maintain harmony among the team and must develop the ability to resolve conflicts quickly to avoid project time lost to distraction.
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- Planning Skills
- Every Project Manager must possess serious strategic planning skills — developing small actionable steps while monitoring the results to achieve the final goal.
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- Risk Management
- Risk management is basically identifying, analyzing, and accepting the process of mitigation when uncertainty happens. Normally, in a project, there are a plethora of things that can go wrong. But if preventive measures are made, the loss can be reduced.
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- Cost Management
- Cost management is the skill to plan and control the overall cost of the project and keep things within the budget. It is one of the most essential project management skills which can help run and finish projects without any delays. By knowing the cost of the project, it will be easy to decide how many resources and how much time should be assigned to each project.
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- Cost Management
- Cost management is the skill to plan and control the overall cost of the project and keep things within the budget. It is one of the most essential project management skills which can help run and finish projects without any delays. By knowing the cost of the project, it will be easy to decide how many resources and how much time should be assigned to each project.
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- Time Management
- Managing time in a project is all about asking the right questions and executing things based upon their priorities. If you can manage the time and divide each element of the project in a chunk of time, you will not miss the deadline. Setting deadlines, making to-do lists, delegating tasks, and getting organized can help project managers deal with project delays smoothly.
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- Negotiation
- One key skill every project manager needs is the ability to negotiate. Every day a project manager deals with clients, team members, and other stakeholders. If negotiation skills are weak this can create problems for the project manager, the team and the project.
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- Expertise
- Every project needs a set of abilities and expertise which can help the team complete the project. A project manager must develop skill-sets across various fields. This can help them understand the scope of the project and deal with their teams in a knowledgeable way. Prepare to be a life-long learner.
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- Adaptability
- Adaptability is about adjusting with the environment to overcome the challenges that come along with the project. Project managers need to understand those project management methods, systems, team expectations are all evolving at an alarming rate. Project managers must be willing to learn, unlearn, and relearn. A good project manager is an embodiment of continuous process improvement.
The Project Management Team
A WordPress project team often includes people who don’t normally work together. Team members can come from different organizations and across multiple geographies. Team members must be expertly managed to deliver the on-time, on-budget result.
Project Team Collaboration
Managing and Archiving Team Communication
Managing Client Communications
Project Management Methodologies
The two project management methodologies most Design/Build teams will use are Waterfall Project Management and Agile Project Management.
Agile Project Management is a framework and a working mind-set that helps respond to changing requirements. It focuses on delivering maximum value against business priorities in the time and budget allowed, especially when the drive to deliver is greater than the risk.
There are three principles which are typically used to highlight the difference between agile and traditional waterfall approaches to project management:
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Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
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In an agile environment, how a project is delivered, is driven by a team working with end-users, the focus is on a core deliverable and iterating over time
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User to drive the design of a project can make a significant difference to project outcomes
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Agile favors benefits and innovation through collaboration with a particular focus on customer satisfaction, quality, teamwork and effective management
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Individuals and interaction over process and tools
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Agile Project Management emphasizes a shift from a control to consensus — focusing on people achieving benefits through engaged, accountable, high performing teams with a focus on sharing data, openness, team communication and learning from feedback.
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This often requires behavior change — team management roles become both serving and leading to create commitment and accountability to an end goal.
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Responding to change over following a structured plan
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Waterfall Project Management uses an agreed scope to create a time and resources plan.
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Agile Project Management team establishes the resources and time which ultimately drive scope.
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There will be a number of time and cost delivery windows, sprints, through which the project will evolve.
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An agile environment establishes a minimum viable product (MVP); the core project deliverable to trigger the start of delivery.
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This is likely to change as the project team realizes other opportunities or benefits that become available throughout each sprint.
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Prototyping/working solutions over comprehensive documentation
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The team owns the MVP, working together to develop the product;
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what they will deliver and how they will deliver it.
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The delivery team is ‘cocooned’ to focus on the solution to the problem they are dealing with.
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The team will make constant adjustments to the scope of the product.
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Advantages of Agile for Project Management
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More rapid deployment of solutions
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Reduced waste through minimization of resources
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Increased flexibility and adaptability to change
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Increased success through more focused efforts
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Faster turnaround times
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Faster detection of issues and defects
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Optimized development processes
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A lighter weight framework
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Optimal project control
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Increased focus on specific customer needs
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Increased frequency of collaboration and feedback
WordPress Agile Methodology
Agile project management is a continuous process that tracks, monitors, analyzes and improves the production cycle of website development.
For the WordPress Professional managing several contiguous projects, the benefit comes in the form of improved estimates for project deliverables and adding value to the development process.
The Agile methodology gives you a clear way of managing the deadlines of individual deliverables that make up the project.
Agile divides each deliverable into a discreet ticket with a realistic time estimate. This ensures proper time utilization and deadline management.
At the completion of each project sprint, the time utilization and the achievements of each deadline can be analyzed in detail.
The outcome of this analysis is used to tighten up the time estimates, create more effective deadlines and ensure that clients have a good idea of project deliverables schedule.
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The project is initiated by gathering a part of the information about the project from the client.
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The initial requirements are identified, prioritized and the necessary resources are selected.
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An estimate is calculated for the entire work.
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A demo is created or selected as to how the work will be demonstrated.
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A sprint is nothing but a period during which the task is completed and ready for review.
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Based on input from the design/build team and end-user requirements the project manager determines the duration of the sprint.
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The shorter the sprint, the more flexible and frequent the working version becomes.
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Regular client’s feedback helps in debugging and fixing minor problems before launch.
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The Sprint needs to long enough for design/build team to have efficient throughput
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With project initiation, the Project Manager moves the Sprint Tasks to the “TO-DO” Column on the KanBan Board This list of tasks moves from “To Do” to “In Progress” as they are assigned to the design/build team members.
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Some of the benefits of agile project management include receiving customer feedback faster and addressing issues before they become problems.
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As each part of the site is completed, it is pushed to Testing.
- The web development agency is involved in content and navigation right from the beginning.
- Web development entails the small delivery sets to the client.
- The client gives rapid feedback. The designs are tested simultaneously, and the results are demonstrated immediately.
- Once the feedback is received from the client at each stage, the results are discussed within the team.
- How the development process can be improved and what further steps can be taken, becomes the deciding factor for the next set of work.
The Tools and Processes for Implementing Agile
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Agile Billing is based around “sprints” —a fixed block of time when a number of features are implemented.
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The typical billing cycle is a two-week period with a defined start and end date.
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During every cycle your team endeavors to:
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implement a number of identified features
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be available at certain times, e.g. Monday to Friday, from 9 am to 1 pm.
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Avoid committing to a full 40-hour week — you’ll need time for side tasks such as administration, inquiries and other client projects.
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There’s only so much you can achieve within each cycle — so development estimate margins of error are reduced.
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No other features are normally considered during the cycle so client interruptions are minimized.
Payment Terms
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the client pays for your time in full at the beginning of every cycle.
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If they don’t pay, you don’t provide any work and they must wait until your next available billing cycle.
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The charge is non-refundable, although some flexibility should be considered.
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Understandably, the client will still want to know how much the whole project will cost.
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A rough estimate of the number billing cycles can be provided but the client should appreciate that it will be revised and become more accurate as the project evolves.
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There’s less risk. If they don’t like your results, speed, processes, attitude, etc. they can stop at any point.
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They need only commit to the current cycle.
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Clients know what to expect and when it will be delivered in smaller, manageable chunks.
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They can view and assess progress at the end of every cycle, not just at the end of the project.
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It’s not possible to over-pay for work. When a feature is deemed good enough, development and associated costs can be ceased.
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If necessary, clients can buy extra features or improvements as their budget allows.
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You could base it on your typical hourly rate but vary it according to cycle availability, i.e. the earlier a client books you, the less they pay.
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That said, your cash flow should improve because clients are unable to withhold payment and their delays cost them, not you.
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You’ll discover clients have a renewed urgency to make decisions.
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Business case deterioration
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Different opinions on the project’s purpose and objectives
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Unhappy/disinterested stakeholders and steering committee members
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Continuous criticism by stakeholders
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Changes in stakeholders without any warning
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No longer a demand for the deliverables or the product
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Invisible sponsorship
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Delayed decisions resulting in missed deadlines
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High tension meetings with team and stakeholders
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Finger-pointing and poor acceptance of responsibility
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Lack of organizational process assets
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Failing to close life cycle phases properly
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High turnover of personnel, especially critical workers
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Unrealistic expectations
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Failure in progress reporting
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Technical failure
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Having to work excessive hours and with heavy workloads
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Unclear milestones and other requirements
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Poor morale
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Everything is a crisis
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Poor attendance at team meetings
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Surprises, slow identification of problems, and constant rework
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A poor change control process
The earlier the warning signs are discovered, the more opportunities exist for recovery.
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The project scope is loosy-goosy and new deliverables have crept in.
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You need to tighten up the scope so there is no more scope creep
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During that process, you may be able to find some unnecessary deliverables to delete.
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Without an early warning system, pop-up problems are a surprise
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Stop surprises by tracking progress and issues upfront.
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You can’t just look at last week’s work.
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Team members must give you weekly progress reports that include the percent complete and estimates to complete their tasks.
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Somebody did not consider trade-offs between the 4-corners of the Project — Scope, Cost, Duration and Risk— and their strategic issues of change.
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There is no such thing as a free lunch.
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You need to spend time developing and explaining some strategic choices for them that may let you deliver what they now want, not the original scope.
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The team members’ weekly estimates to complete (ETC) are invaluable.
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They let you continuously monitor your project’s schedule and cost.
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Estimates to complete are an essential part of all effective rescues.
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They are key to turning your project around and managing the expectations of the team and executives.
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Each of your team members turns in a status report with the actual hours they worked on all their tasks during the past 7 days.
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They also give you an estimate of how many hours of work they think they have left on each task.
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You will use that data in your project schedule and give yourself early warning on tasks that are slipping.
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It lets you address these problems while they are small and more easily solved.
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ETC can help the work attitudes of your team — people hitting their assignment due dates and receiving recognition of a job well done.
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You need scope and deliverables that are defined by the metrics the sponsor(s) will use to judge their acceptability.
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That means you need to convert the original scope and deliverables to measured achievements.
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For example, “Faster system response time” becomes “Customer Service Reps can access customers’ 12-month history in 9 seconds 90% of the time.”
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That is understandable and measurable; not wishy-washy like the prior deliverable.
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You might offer a trade-off on the response time metric of “access customers’ 12-month history in 9 seconds.”
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Your Dev team says that changing the response time from 9 seconds to 12-seconds might net a software development savings of 8-days in duration.
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That’s the trade-off you show the clients for them to make a decision.
- Handle a high quantity of inquiries simultaneously
- Create priorities and manage accordingly
- Respond within a specific timeframe —but not have to drop everything to manage it — so you can also remain focused and productive
- Delegate based on the type of issue as well as your team members’ expertise
- Offer consistent and on-brand responses — especially if you have canned messaging you can use when answering common questions and issues.
- Awesome Support — WordPress HelpDesk & Support
WP Project Manager
https://wedevs.com/wp-project-manager-pro/features
Time Tracker — Track the time spent on a task with a built-in timer. Keep a log with start, stop, pause and custom entry. Easily calculate the charge for hourly works as well.
Gantt Chart — Track the time spent on a task with a built-in timer. Keep a log with start, stop, pause and custom entry. Easily calculate the charge for hourly works as well.
KanBan Board — Use board-style task management for all projects and tasks. Create tasks, drag and drop them among different boards and work more efficiently.
Interactive Calendar — Get daily, weekly, or monthly view of task timelines with drag and drop features. Filter them by projects or users if necessary
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